Chapter 15 focuses on the cultural changes that occurred within religion and science in the modernizing time. These cultural changes included the globalization of christianity and equality. I think it is important to learn about how religion and scientific thinking spread during the Early Modern Era and how it compares to present day. Dying this time, Christianity started to spread to areas such as Asia, Africa, and the Americas, and a more modern scientific outlook was also developing around the world, which challenged Christian views. This is where the battle of science versus religion began to take form. Even today, science and religion are enemies, having different teachings making it impossible for an individual to abide by both of their beliefs. During the spread of Christianity at this time,The Protestant Reformation took place which was a major 16th century European movement aimed at reforming the beliefs and practices of the Roman Catholic Church. Its religious aspects were supplemented by ambitious political rulers who wanted to extend their power and control at the expense of the Church. During this time Martin Luthee began to question the Catholic Church and wrote famous writings that changed the course of religious and cultural history in the West. Christianity spread through the world through colonization, but the specific individuals who spread the faith were missionaries and religious dissenters seeking to build their own communities. The thing that was most interesting to me was that after the conquest of the Aztec and Incan empires, many Spanish and indigenous people began to believe that the god of the Christians must be stronger than the traditional gods of the Americas and so millions converted and were baptized throughout the New World. This is interesting because the people were so hopeless and eager to seek a god during this time, any god that would give them hope and so this is why they converted. Equality was also a cultural change that occurred during this time. The Catholic church offered few opportunities for women to assume roles of leadership and authority, so American women found themselves forced out of spiritual roles in the new society. Society had begun to question women's nature, their role in society, and the appropriate education to be offered to them. As Europe continued to spread Christianity, the Scientific Revolution was emerging as a "vast intellectual and cultural transformation that took place between the mid-sixteenth and early eighteenth centuries" (664). Europe's Scientific Revolution was a vast intellectual and cultural transformation that took place between mid-sixteenth and eighteenth centuries.
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